| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
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| 4 | <glossary id="Glossary">
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| 5 | <glossdiv>
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| 6 | <title>A</title>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <glossentry>
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| 9 | <glossterm>ACPI</glossterm>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <glossdef>
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| 12 | <para>Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, an industry
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| 13 | specification for BIOS and hardware extensions to configure PC
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| 14 | hardware and perform power management. Windows 2000 and higher as well
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| 15 | as Linux 2.4 and higher support ACPI. Windows can only enable or
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| 16 | disable ACPI support at installation time.</para>
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| 17 | </glossdef>
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| 18 | </glossentry>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <glossentry>
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| 21 | <glossterm>AHCI</glossterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <glossdef>
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| 24 | <para>Advanced Host Controller Interface, the interface that supports
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| 25 | SATA devices such as hard disks. See <xref
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| 26 | linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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| 27 | </glossdef>
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| 28 | </glossentry>
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| 29 |
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| 30 | <glossentry>
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| 31 | <glossterm>AMD-V</glossterm>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <glossdef>
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| 34 | <para>The hardware virtualization features built into modern AMD
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| 35 | processors. See <xref linkend="hwvirt" />.</para>
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| 36 | </glossdef>
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| 37 | </glossentry>
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| 38 |
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| 39 | <glossentry>
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| 40 | <glossterm>API</glossterm>
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| 41 |
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| 42 | <glossdef>
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| 43 | <para>Application Programming Interface.</para>
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| 44 | </glossdef>
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| 45 | </glossentry>
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| 46 |
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| 47 | <glossentry>
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| 48 | <glossterm>APIC</glossterm>
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| 49 |
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| 50 | <glossdef>
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| 51 | <para>Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller, a newer version of
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| 52 | the original PC PIC (programmable interrupt controller). Most modern
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| 53 | CPUs contain an on-chip APIC ("local APIC"). Many systems also contain
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| 54 | an I/O APIC (input output APIC) as a separate chip which provides more
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| 55 | than 16 IRQs. Windows 2000 and higher use a different kernel if they
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| 56 | detect an I/O APIC during installation. Therefore an I/O APIC must not
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| 57 | be removed after installation.</para>
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| 58 | </glossdef>
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| 59 | </glossentry>
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| 60 |
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| 61 | <glossentry>
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| 62 | <glossterm>ATA</glossterm>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <glossdef>
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| 65 | <para>Advanced Technology Attachment, an industry standard for hard
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| 66 | disk interfaces (synonymous with IDE). See <xref
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| 67 | linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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| 68 | </glossdef>
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| 69 | </glossentry>
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| 70 | </glossdiv>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <glossdiv>
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| 73 | <title>B</title>
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| 74 |
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| 75 | <glossentry>
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| 76 | <glossterm>BIOS</glossterm>
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| 77 |
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| 78 | <glossdef>
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| 79 | <para>Basic Input/Output System, the firmware built into most personal
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| 80 | computers which is responsible of initializing the hardware after the
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| 81 | computer has been turned on and then booting an operating system.
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| 82 | VirtualBox ships with its own virtual BIOS that runs when a virtual
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| 83 | machine is started.</para>
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| 84 | </glossdef>
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| 85 | </glossentry>
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| 86 | </glossdiv>
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| 87 |
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| 88 | <glossdiv>
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| 89 | <title>C</title>
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| 90 |
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| 91 | <glossentry>
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| 92 | <glossterm>COM</glossterm>
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| 93 |
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| 94 | <glossdef>
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| 95 | <para>Microsoft Component Object Model, a programming infrastructure
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| 96 | for modular software. COM allows applications to provide application
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| 97 | programming interfaces which can be accessed from various other
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| 98 | programming languages and applications. VirtualBox makes use of COM
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| 99 | both internally and externally to provide a comprehensive API to 3rd
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| 100 | party developers.</para>
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| 101 | </glossdef>
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| 102 | </glossentry>
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| 103 | </glossdiv>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <glossdiv>
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| 106 | <title>D</title>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <glossentry>
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| 109 | <glossterm>DHCP</glossterm>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | <glossdef>
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| 112 | <para>Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This allows a networking
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| 113 | device in a network to acquire its IP address (and other networking
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| 114 | details) automatically, in order to avoid having to configure all
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| 115 | devices in a network with fixed IP addresses. VirtualBox has a
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| 116 | built-in DHCP server that delivers an IP addresses to a virtual
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| 117 | machine when networking is configured to NAT; see <xref
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| 118 | linkend="networkingdetails" />.</para>
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| 119 | </glossdef>
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| 120 | </glossentry>
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| 121 |
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| 122 | <glossentry>
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| 123 | <glossterm>DKMS</glossterm>
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| 124 |
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| 125 | <glossdef>
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| 126 | <para>Dynamic Kernel Module Support. A framework that simplifies
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| 127 | installing and updating external kernel modules on Linux machines; see
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| 128 | <xref linkend="externalkernelmodules" />.</para>
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| 129 | </glossdef>
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| 130 | </glossentry>
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| 131 | </glossdiv>
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| 132 |
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| 133 | <glossdiv>
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| 134 | <title>E</title>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <glossentry>
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| 137 | <glossterm>EFI</glossterm>
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| 138 |
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| 139 | <glossdef>
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| 140 | <para>Extensible Firmware Interface, a firmware built into computers
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| 141 | which is designed to replace the aging BIOS. Originally designed by
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| 142 | Intel, most modern operating systems can now boot on computers which
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| 143 | have EFI instead of a BIOS built into them; see <xref
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| 144 | linkend="efi" />.</para>
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| 145 | </glossdef>
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| 146 | </glossentry>
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| 147 |
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| 148 | <glossentry>
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| 149 | <glossterm>EHCI</glossterm>
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| 150 |
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| 151 | <glossdef>
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| 152 | <para>Enhanced Host Controller Interface, the interface that
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| 153 | implements the USB 2.0 standard.</para>
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| 154 | </glossdef>
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| 155 | </glossentry>
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| 156 | </glossdiv>
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| 157 |
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| 158 | <glossdiv>
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| 159 | <title>G</title>
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| 160 |
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| 161 | <glossentry>
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| 162 | <glossterm>GUI</glossterm>
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| 163 |
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| 164 | <glossdef>
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| 165 | <para>Graphical User Interface. Commonly used as an antonym to a
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| 166 | "command line interface", in the context of VirtualBox, we sometimes
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| 167 | refer to the main graphical
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| 168 | <computeroutput>VirtualBox</computeroutput> program as the "GUI", to
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| 169 | differentiate it from the <computeroutput>VBoxManage</computeroutput>
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| 170 | interface.</para>
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| 171 | </glossdef>
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| 172 | </glossentry>
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| 173 |
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| 174 | <glossentry>
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| 175 | <glossterm>GUID</glossterm>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <glossdef>
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| 178 | <para>See UUID.</para>
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| 179 | </glossdef>
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| 180 | </glossentry>
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| 181 | </glossdiv>
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| 182 |
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| 183 | <glossdiv>
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| 184 | <title>I</title>
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <glossentry>
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| 187 | <glossterm>IDE</glossterm>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <glossdef>
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| 190 | <para>Integrated Drive Electronics, an industry standard for hard disk
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| 191 | interfaces. See <xref linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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| 192 | </glossdef>
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| 193 | </glossentry>
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| 194 |
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| 195 | <glossentry>
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| 196 | <glossterm>I/O APIC</glossterm>
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| 197 |
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| 198 | <glossdef>
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| 199 | <para>See APIC.</para>
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| 200 | </glossdef>
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| 201 | </glossentry>
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| 202 |
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| 203 | <glossentry>
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| 204 | <glossterm>iSCSI</glossterm>
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| 205 |
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| 206 | <glossdef>
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| 207 | <para>Internet SCSI; see <xref linkend="storage-iscsi" />.</para>
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| 208 | </glossdef>
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| 209 | </glossentry>
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| 210 | </glossdiv>
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| 211 |
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| 212 | <glossdiv>
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| 213 | <title>M</title>
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| 214 |
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| 215 | <glossentry>
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| 216 | <glossterm>MAC</glossterm>
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| 217 |
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| 218 | <glossdef>
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| 219 | <para>Media Access Control, a part of an Ethernet network card. A MAC
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| 220 | address is a 6-byte number which identifies a network card. It is
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| 221 | typically written in hexadecimal notation where the bytes are
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| 222 | separated by colons, such as
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| 223 | <computeroutput>00:17:3A:5E:CB:08</computeroutput>.</para>
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| 224 | </glossdef>
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| 225 | </glossentry>
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| 226 | </glossdiv>
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| 227 |
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| 228 | <glossdiv>
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| 229 | <title>N</title>
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| 230 |
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| 231 | <glossentry>
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| 232 | <glossterm>NAT</glossterm>
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| 233 |
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| 234 | <glossdef>
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| 235 | <para>Network Address Translation. A technique to share networking
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| 236 | interfaces by which an interface modifies the source and/or target IP
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| 237 | addresses of network packets according to specific rules. Commonly
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| 238 | employed by routers and firewalls to shield an internal network from
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| 239 | the Internet, VirtualBox can use NAT to easily share a host's physical
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| 240 | networking hardware with its virtual machines. See <xref
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| 241 | linkend="network_nat" />.</para>
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| 242 | </glossdef>
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| 243 | </glossentry>
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| 244 | </glossdiv>
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| 245 |
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| 246 | <glossdiv>
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| 247 | <title>O</title>
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| 248 |
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| 249 | <glossentry>
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| 250 | <glossterm>OVF</glossterm>
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| 251 |
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| 252 | <glossdef>
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| 253 | <para>Open Virtualization Format, a cross-platform industry standard
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| 254 | to exchange virtual appliances between virtualization products; see
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| 255 | <xref linkend="ovf" />.</para>
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| 256 | </glossdef>
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| 257 | </glossentry>
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| 258 | </glossdiv>
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| 259 |
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| 260 | <glossdiv>
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| 261 | <title>P</title>
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| 262 |
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| 263 | <glossentry>
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| 264 | <glossterm>PAE</glossterm>
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| 265 |
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| 266 | <glossdef>
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| 267 | <para>Physical Address Extension. This allows accessing more than 4 GB
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| 268 | of RAM even in 32-bit environments; see <xref
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| 269 | linkend="settings-general-advanced" />.</para>
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| 270 | </glossdef>
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| 271 | </glossentry>
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| 272 |
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| 273 | <glossentry>
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| 274 | <glossterm>PIC</glossterm>
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| 275 |
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| 276 | <glossdef>
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| 277 | <para>See APIC.</para>
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| 278 | </glossdef>
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| 279 | </glossentry>
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| 280 |
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| 281 | <glossentry>
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| 282 | <glossterm>PXE</glossterm>
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| 283 |
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| 284 | <glossdef>
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| 285 | <para>Preboot Execution Environment, an industry standard for booting
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| 286 | PC systems from remote network locations. It includes DHCP for IP
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| 287 | configuration and TFTP for file transfer. Using UNDI, a hardware
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| 288 | independent driver stack for accessing the network card from bootstrap
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| 289 | code is available.</para>
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| 290 | </glossdef>
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| 291 | </glossentry>
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| 292 | </glossdiv>
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| 293 |
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| 294 | <glossdiv>
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| 295 | <title>R</title>
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| 296 |
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| 297 | <glossentry>
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| 298 | <glossterm>RDP</glossterm>
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| 299 |
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| 300 | <glossdef>
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| 301 | <para>Remote Desktop Protocol, a protocol developed by Microsoft as an
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| 302 | extension to the ITU T.128 and T.124 video conferencing protocol. With
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| 303 | RDP, a PC system can be controlled from a remote location using a
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| 304 | network connection over which data is transferred in both directions.
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| 305 | Typically graphics updates and audio are sent from the remote machine
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| 306 | and keyboard and mouse input events are sent from the client.
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| 307 | VirtualBox contains an enhanced implementation of the relevant
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| 308 | standards called "VirtualBox RDP" (VRDP), which is largely compatible
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| 309 | with Microsoft's RDP implementation. See <xref linkend="vrdp" /> for
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| 310 | details.</para>
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| 311 | </glossdef>
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| 312 | </glossentry>
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| 313 | </glossdiv>
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| 314 |
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| 315 | <glossdiv>
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| 316 | <title>S</title>
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| 317 |
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| 318 | <glossentry>
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| 319 | <glossterm>SAS</glossterm>
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| 320 |
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| 321 | <glossdef>
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| 322 | <para>Serial Attached SCSI, an industry standard for hard disk
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| 323 | interfaces. See <xref linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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| 324 | </glossdef>
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| 325 | </glossentry>
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| 326 |
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| 327 | <glossentry>
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| 328 | <glossterm>SATA</glossterm>
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| 329 |
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| 330 | <glossdef>
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| 331 | <para>Serial ATA, an industry standard for hard disk interfaces. See
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| 332 | <xref linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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| 333 | </glossdef>
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| 334 | </glossentry>
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| 335 |
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| 336 | <glossentry>
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| 337 | <glossterm>SCSI</glossterm>
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| 338 |
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| 339 | <glossdef>
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| 340 | <para>Small Computer System Interface. An industry standard for data
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| 341 | transfer between devices, especially for storage. See <xref
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| 342 | linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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| 343 | </glossdef>
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| 344 | </glossentry>
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| 345 |
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| 346 | <glossentry>
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| 347 | <glossterm>SMP</glossterm>
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| 348 |
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| 349 | <glossdef>
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| 350 | <para>Symmetrical Multiprocessing, meaning that the resources of a
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| 351 | computer are shared between several processors. These can either be
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| 352 | several processor chips or, as is more common with modern hardware,
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| 353 | multiple CPU cores in one processor.</para>
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| 354 | </glossdef>
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| 355 | </glossentry>
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| 356 | </glossdiv>
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| 357 |
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| 358 | <glossdiv>
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| 359 | <title>U</title>
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| 360 |
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| 361 | <glossentry>
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| 362 | <glossterm>UUID</glossterm>
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| 363 |
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| 364 | <glossdef>
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| 365 | <para>A Universally Unique Identifier -- often also called GUID
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| 366 | (Globally Unique Identifier) -- is a string of numbers and letters
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| 367 | which can be computed dynamically and is guaranteed to be unique.
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| 368 | Generally, it is used as a global handle to identify entities.
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| 369 | VirtualBox makes use of UUIDs to identify VMs, Virtual Disk Images
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| 370 | (VDI files) and other entities.</para>
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| 371 | </glossdef>
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| 372 | </glossentry>
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| 373 | </glossdiv>
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| 374 |
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| 375 | <glossdiv>
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| 376 | <title>V</title>
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| 377 |
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| 378 | <glossentry>
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| 379 | <glossterm>VM</glossterm>
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| 380 |
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| 381 | <glossdef>
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| 382 | <para>Virtual Machine -- a virtual computer that VirtualBox allows you
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| 383 | to run on top of your actual hardware. See <xref
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| 384 | linkend="virtintro" /> for details.</para>
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| 385 | </glossdef>
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| 386 | </glossentry>
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| 387 |
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| 388 | <glossentry>
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| 389 | <glossterm>VRDP</glossterm>
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| 390 |
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| 391 | <glossdef>
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| 392 | <para>See RDP.</para>
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| 393 | </glossdef>
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| 394 | </glossentry>
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| 395 |
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| 396 | <glossentry>
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| 397 | <glossterm>VT-x</glossterm>
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| 398 |
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| 399 | <glossdef>
|
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| 400 | <para>The hardware virtualization features built into modern Intel
|
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| 401 | processors. See <xref linkend="hwvirt" />.</para>
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| 402 | </glossdef>
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| 403 | </glossentry>
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| 404 | </glossdiv>
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| 405 |
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| 406 | <glossdiv>
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| 407 | <title>X</title>
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| 408 |
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| 409 | <glossentry>
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| 410 | <glossterm>XML</glossterm>
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| 411 |
|
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| 412 | <glossdef>
|
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| 413 | <para>The eXtensible Markup Language, a metastandard for all kinds of
|
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| 414 | textual information. XML only specifies how data in the document is
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| 415 | organized generally and does not prescribe how to semantically
|
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| 416 | organize content.</para>
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| 417 | </glossdef>
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| 418 | </glossentry>
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| 419 |
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| 420 | <glossentry>
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| 421 | <glossterm>XPCOM</glossterm>
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| 422 |
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| 423 | <glossdef>
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| 424 | <para>Mozilla Cross Platform Component Object Model, a programming
|
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| 425 | infrastructure developed by the Mozilla browser project which is
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| 426 | similar to Microsoft COM and allows applications to provide a modular
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| 427 | programming interface. VirtualBox makes use of XPCOM on Linux both
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| 428 | internally and externally to provide a comprehensive API to
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| 429 | third-party developers.</para>
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| 430 | </glossdef>
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| 431 | </glossentry>
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| 432 | </glossdiv>
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| 433 | </glossary>
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