1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
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4 | <glossary id="Glossary">
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5 | <glossdiv>
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6 | <title>A</title>
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7 |
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8 | <glossentry>
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9 | <glossterm>ACPI</glossterm>
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10 |
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11 | <glossdef>
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12 | <para>Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, an industry
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13 | specification for BIOS and hardware extensions to configure PC
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14 | hardware and perform power management. Windows 2000 and higher as well
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15 | as Linux 2.4 and higher support ACPI. Windows can only enable or
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16 | disable ACPI support at installation time.</para>
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17 | </glossdef>
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18 | </glossentry>
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19 |
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20 | <glossentry>
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21 | <glossterm>AHCI</glossterm>
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22 |
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23 | <glossdef>
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24 | <para>Advanced Host Controller Interface, the interface that supports
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25 | SATA devices such as hard disks. See <xref
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26 | linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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27 | </glossdef>
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28 | </glossentry>
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29 |
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30 | <glossentry>
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31 | <glossterm>AMD-V</glossterm>
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32 |
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33 | <glossdef>
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34 | <para>The hardware virtualization features built into modern AMD
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35 | processors. See <xref linkend="hwvirt" />.</para>
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36 | </glossdef>
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37 | </glossentry>
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38 |
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39 | <glossentry>
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40 | <glossterm>API</glossterm>
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41 |
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42 | <glossdef>
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43 | <para>Application Programming Interface.</para>
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44 | </glossdef>
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45 | </glossentry>
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46 |
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47 | <glossentry>
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48 | <glossterm>APIC</glossterm>
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49 |
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50 | <glossdef>
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51 | <para>Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller, a newer version of
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52 | the original PC PIC (programmable interrupt controller). Most modern
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53 | CPUs contain an on-chip APIC ("local APIC"). Many systems also contain
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54 | an I/O APIC (input output APIC) as a separate chip which provides more
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55 | than 16 IRQs. Windows 2000 and higher use a different kernel if they
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56 | detect an I/O APIC during installation. Therefore an I/O APIC must not
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57 | be removed after installation.</para>
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58 | </glossdef>
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59 | </glossentry>
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60 |
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61 | <glossentry>
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62 | <glossterm>ATA</glossterm>
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63 |
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64 | <glossdef>
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65 | <para>Advanced Technology Attachment, an industry standard for hard
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66 | disk interfaces (synonymous with IDE). See <xref
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67 | linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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68 | </glossdef>
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69 | </glossentry>
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70 | </glossdiv>
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71 |
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72 | <glossdiv>
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73 | <title>B</title>
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74 |
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75 | <glossentry>
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76 | <glossterm>BIOS</glossterm>
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77 |
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78 | <glossdef>
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79 | <para>Basic Input/Output System, the firmware built into most personal
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80 | computers which is responsible of initializing the hardware after the
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81 | computer has been turned on and then booting an operating system.
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82 | VirtualBox ships with its own virtual BIOS that runs when a virtual
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83 | machine is started.</para>
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84 | </glossdef>
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85 | </glossentry>
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86 | </glossdiv>
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87 |
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88 | <glossdiv>
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89 | <title>C</title>
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90 |
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91 | <glossentry>
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92 | <glossterm>COM</glossterm>
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93 |
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94 | <glossdef>
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95 | <para>Microsoft Component Object Model, a programming infrastructure
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96 | for modular software. COM allows applications to provide application
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97 | programming interfaces which can be accessed from various other
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98 | programming languages and applications. VirtualBox makes use of COM
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99 | both internally and externally to provide a comprehensive API to 3rd
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100 | party developers.</para>
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101 | </glossdef>
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102 | </glossentry>
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103 | </glossdiv>
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104 |
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105 | <glossdiv>
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106 | <title>D</title>
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107 |
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108 | <glossentry>
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109 | <glossterm>DHCP</glossterm>
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110 |
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111 | <glossdef>
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112 | <para>Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This allows a networking
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113 | device in a network to acquire its IP address (and other networking
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114 | details) automatically, in order to avoid having to configure all
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115 | devices in a network with fixed IP addresses. VirtualBox has a
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116 | built-in DHCP server that delivers an IP addresses to a virtual
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117 | machine when networking is configured to NAT; see <xref
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118 | linkend="networkingdetails" />.</para>
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119 | </glossdef>
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120 | </glossentry>
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121 |
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122 | <glossentry>
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123 | <glossterm>DKMS</glossterm>
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124 |
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125 | <glossdef>
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126 | <para>Dynamic Kernel Module Support. A framework that simplifies
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127 | installing and updating external kernel modules on Linux machines; see
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128 | <xref linkend="externalkernelmodules" />.</para>
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129 | </glossdef>
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130 | </glossentry>
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131 | </glossdiv>
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132 |
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133 | <glossdiv>
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134 | <title>E</title>
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135 |
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136 | <glossentry>
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137 | <glossterm>EFI</glossterm>
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138 |
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139 | <glossdef>
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140 | <para>Extensible Firmware Interface, a firmware built into computers
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141 | which is designed to replace the aging BIOS. Originally designed by
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142 | Intel, most modern operating systems can now boot on computers which
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143 | have EFI instead of a BIOS built into them; see <xref
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144 | linkend="efi" />.</para>
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145 | </glossdef>
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146 | </glossentry>
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147 |
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148 | <glossentry>
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149 | <glossterm>EHCI</glossterm>
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150 |
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151 | <glossdef>
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152 | <para>Enhanced Host Controller Interface, the interface that
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153 | implements the USB 2.0 standard.</para>
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154 | </glossdef>
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155 | </glossentry>
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156 | </glossdiv>
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157 |
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158 | <glossdiv>
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159 | <title>G</title>
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160 |
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161 | <glossentry>
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162 | <glossterm>GUI</glossterm>
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163 |
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164 | <glossdef>
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165 | <para>Graphical User Interface. Commonly used as an antonym to a
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166 | "command line interface", in the context of VirtualBox, we sometimes
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167 | refer to the main graphical
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168 | <computeroutput>VirtualBox</computeroutput> program as the "GUI", to
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169 | differentiate it from the <computeroutput>VBoxManage</computeroutput>
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170 | interface.</para>
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171 | </glossdef>
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172 | </glossentry>
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173 |
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174 | <glossentry>
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175 | <glossterm>GUID</glossterm>
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176 |
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177 | <glossdef>
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178 | <para>See UUID.</para>
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179 | </glossdef>
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180 | </glossentry>
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181 | </glossdiv>
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182 |
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183 | <glossdiv>
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184 | <title>I</title>
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185 |
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186 | <glossentry>
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187 | <glossterm>IDE</glossterm>
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188 |
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189 | <glossdef>
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190 | <para>Integrated Drive Electronics, an industry standard for hard disk
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191 | interfaces. See <xref linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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192 | </glossdef>
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193 | </glossentry>
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194 |
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195 | <glossentry>
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196 | <glossterm>I/O APIC</glossterm>
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197 |
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198 | <glossdef>
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199 | <para>See APIC.</para>
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200 | </glossdef>
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201 | </glossentry>
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202 |
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203 | <glossentry>
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204 | <glossterm>iSCSI</glossterm>
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205 |
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206 | <glossdef>
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207 | <para>Internet SCSI; see <xref linkend="storage-iscsi" />.</para>
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208 | </glossdef>
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209 | </glossentry>
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210 | </glossdiv>
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211 |
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212 | <glossdiv>
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213 | <title>M</title>
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214 |
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215 | <glossentry>
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216 | <glossterm>MAC</glossterm>
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217 |
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218 | <glossdef>
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219 | <para>Media Access Control, a part of an Ethernet network card. A MAC
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220 | address is a 6-byte number which identifies a network card. It is
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221 | typically written in hexadecimal notation where the bytes are
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222 | separated by colons, such as
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223 | <computeroutput>00:17:3A:5E:CB:08</computeroutput>.</para>
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224 | </glossdef>
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225 | </glossentry>
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226 |
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227 | <glossentry>
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228 | <glossterm>MSI</glossterm>
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229 |
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230 | <glossdef>
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231 | <para>Message Signalled Interrupts, as supported by modern chipsets
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232 | such as the ICH9; see <xref linkend="settings-motherboard" />. As
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233 | opposed to traditional pin-based interrupts, with MSI, a small amount
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234 | of data can accompany the actual interrupt message. This reduces the
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235 | amount of hardware pins required, allows for more interrupts and
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236 | better performance.</para>
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237 | </glossdef>
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238 | </glossentry>
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239 | </glossdiv>
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240 |
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241 | <glossdiv>
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242 | <title>N</title>
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243 |
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244 | <glossentry>
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245 | <glossterm>NAT</glossterm>
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246 |
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247 | <glossdef>
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248 | <para>Network Address Translation. A technique to share networking
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249 | interfaces by which an interface modifies the source and/or target IP
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250 | addresses of network packets according to specific rules. Commonly
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251 | employed by routers and firewalls to shield an internal network from
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252 | the Internet, VirtualBox can use NAT to easily share a host's physical
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253 | networking hardware with its virtual machines. See <xref
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254 | linkend="network_nat" />.</para>
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255 | </glossdef>
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256 | </glossentry>
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257 | </glossdiv>
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258 |
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259 | <glossdiv>
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260 | <title>O</title>
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261 |
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262 | <glossentry>
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263 | <glossterm>OVF</glossterm>
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264 |
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265 | <glossdef>
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266 | <para>Open Virtualization Format, a cross-platform industry standard
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267 | to exchange virtual appliances between virtualization products; see
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268 | <xref linkend="ovf" />.</para>
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269 | </glossdef>
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270 | </glossentry>
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271 | </glossdiv>
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272 |
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273 | <glossdiv>
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274 | <title>P</title>
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275 |
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276 | <glossentry>
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277 | <glossterm>PAE</glossterm>
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278 |
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279 | <glossdef>
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280 | <para>Physical Address Extension. This allows accessing more than 4 GB
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281 | of RAM even in 32-bit environments; see <xref
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282 | linkend="settings-general-advanced" />.</para>
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283 | </glossdef>
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284 | </glossentry>
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285 |
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286 | <glossentry>
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287 | <glossterm>PIC</glossterm>
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288 |
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289 | <glossdef>
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290 | <para>See APIC.</para>
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291 | </glossdef>
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292 | </glossentry>
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293 |
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294 | <glossentry>
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295 | <glossterm>PXE</glossterm>
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296 |
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297 | <glossdef>
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298 | <para>Preboot Execution Environment, an industry standard for booting
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299 | PC systems from remote network locations. It includes DHCP for IP
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300 | configuration and TFTP for file transfer. Using UNDI, a hardware
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301 | independent driver stack for accessing the network card from bootstrap
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302 | code is available.</para>
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303 | </glossdef>
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304 | </glossentry>
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305 | </glossdiv>
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306 |
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307 | <glossdiv>
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308 | <title>R</title>
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309 |
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310 | <glossentry>
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311 | <glossterm>RDP</glossterm>
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312 |
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313 | <glossdef>
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314 | <para>Remote Desktop Protocol, a protocol developed by Microsoft as an
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315 | extension to the ITU T.128 and T.124 video conferencing protocol. With
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316 | RDP, a PC system can be controlled from a remote location using a
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317 | network connection over which data is transferred in both directions.
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318 | Typically graphics updates and audio are sent from the remote machine
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319 | and keyboard and mouse input events are sent from the client. A
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320 | VirtualBox extension package by Oracle provides VRDP, an enhanced
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321 | implementation of the relevant standards which is largely compatible
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322 | with Microsoft's RDP implementation. See <xref linkend="vrde" /> for
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323 | details.</para>
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324 | </glossdef>
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325 | </glossentry>
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326 | </glossdiv>
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327 |
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328 | <glossdiv>
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329 | <title>S</title>
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330 |
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331 | <glossentry>
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332 | <glossterm>SAS</glossterm>
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333 |
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334 | <glossdef>
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335 | <para>Serial Attached SCSI, an industry standard for hard disk
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336 | interfaces. See <xref linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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337 | </glossdef>
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338 | </glossentry>
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339 |
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340 | <glossentry>
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341 | <glossterm>SATA</glossterm>
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342 |
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343 | <glossdef>
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344 | <para>Serial ATA, an industry standard for hard disk interfaces. See
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345 | <xref linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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346 | </glossdef>
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347 | </glossentry>
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348 |
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349 | <glossentry>
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350 | <glossterm>SCSI</glossterm>
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351 |
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352 | <glossdef>
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353 | <para>Small Computer System Interface. An industry standard for data
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354 | transfer between devices, especially for storage. See <xref
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355 | linkend="harddiskcontrollers" />.</para>
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356 | </glossdef>
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357 | </glossentry>
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358 |
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359 | <glossentry>
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360 | <glossterm>SMP</glossterm>
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361 |
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362 | <glossdef>
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363 | <para>Symmetrical Multiprocessing, meaning that the resources of a
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364 | computer are shared between several processors. These can either be
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365 | several processor chips or, as is more common with modern hardware,
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366 | multiple CPU cores in one processor.</para>
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367 | </glossdef>
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368 | </glossentry>
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369 |
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370 | <glossentry>
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371 | <glossterm>SSD</glossterm>
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372 |
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373 | <glossdef>
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374 | <para>Solid-state drive, uses microships for storing data in a computer
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375 | system. Compared to classical hard-disks they are having no mechanical
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376 | components like spinning disks.
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377 | </para>
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378 | </glossdef>
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379 | </glossentry>
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380 | </glossdiv>
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381 |
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382 | <glossdiv>
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383 | <title>T</title>
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384 |
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385 | <glossentry>
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386 | <glossterm>TAR</glossterm>
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387 |
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388 | <glossdef>
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389 | <para>A widely used file format for archiving. Originally, this stood
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390 | for "Tape ARchive" and was already supported by very early Unix
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391 | versions for backing up data on tape. The file format is still widely
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392 | used today, for example, with OVF archives (with an
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393 | <computeroutput>.ova</computeroutput> file extension); see <xref
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394 | linkend="ovf" />.</para>
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395 | </glossdef>
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396 | </glossentry>
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397 | </glossdiv>
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398 |
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399 | <glossdiv>
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400 | <title>U</title>
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401 |
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402 | <glossentry>
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403 | <glossterm>UUID</glossterm>
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404 |
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405 | <glossdef>
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406 | <para>A Universally Unique Identifier -- often also called GUID
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407 | (Globally Unique Identifier) -- is a string of numbers and letters
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408 | which can be computed dynamically and is guaranteed to be unique.
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409 | Generally, it is used as a global handle to identify entities.
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410 | VirtualBox makes use of UUIDs to identify VMs, Virtual Disk Images
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411 | (VDI files) and other entities.</para>
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412 | </glossdef>
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413 | </glossentry>
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414 | </glossdiv>
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415 |
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416 | <glossdiv>
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417 | <title>V</title>
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418 |
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419 | <glossentry>
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420 | <glossterm>VM</glossterm>
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421 |
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422 | <glossdef>
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423 | <para>Virtual Machine -- a virtual computer that VirtualBox allows you
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424 | to run on top of your actual hardware. See <xref
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425 | linkend="virtintro" /> for details.</para>
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426 | </glossdef>
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427 | </glossentry>
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428 |
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429 | <glossentry>
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430 | <glossterm>VMM</glossterm>
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431 |
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432 | <glossdef>
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433 | <para>Virtual Machine Manager -- the component of VirtualBox that
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434 | controls VM execution. See <xref linkend="technical-components" /> for
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435 | a list of VirtualBox components.</para>
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436 | </glossdef>
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437 | </glossentry>
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438 |
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439 | <glossentry>
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440 | <glossterm>VRDE</glossterm>
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441 |
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442 | <glossdef>
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443 | <para>VirtualBox Remote Desktop Extension. This interface is built
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444 | into VirtualBox to allow VirtualBox extension packages to supply
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445 | remote access to virtual machines. A VirtualBox extension package by
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446 | Oracle provides VRDP support; see <xref linkend="vrde" /> for
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447 | details.</para>
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448 | </glossdef>
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449 | </glossentry>
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450 |
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451 | <glossentry>
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452 | <glossterm>VRDP</glossterm>
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453 |
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454 | <glossdef>
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455 | <para>See RDP.</para>
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456 | </glossdef>
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457 | </glossentry>
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458 |
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459 | <glossentry>
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460 | <glossterm>VT-x</glossterm>
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461 |
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462 | <glossdef>
|
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463 | <para>The hardware virtualization features built into modern Intel
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464 | processors. See <xref linkend="hwvirt" />.</para>
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465 | </glossdef>
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466 | </glossentry>
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467 | </glossdiv>
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468 |
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469 | <glossdiv>
|
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470 | <title>X</title>
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471 |
|
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472 | <glossentry>
|
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473 | <glossterm>XML</glossterm>
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474 |
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475 | <glossdef>
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476 | <para>The eXtensible Markup Language, a metastandard for all kinds of
|
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477 | textual information. XML only specifies how data in the document is
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478 | organized generally and does not prescribe how to semantically
|
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479 | organize content.</para>
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480 | </glossdef>
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481 | </glossentry>
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482 |
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483 | <glossentry>
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484 | <glossterm>XPCOM</glossterm>
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485 |
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486 | <glossdef>
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487 | <para>Mozilla Cross Platform Component Object Model, a programming
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488 | infrastructure developed by the Mozilla browser project which is
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489 | similar to Microsoft COM and allows applications to provide a modular
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490 | programming interface. VirtualBox makes use of XPCOM on Linux both
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491 | internally and externally to provide a comprehensive API to
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492 | third-party developers.</para>
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493 | </glossdef>
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494 | </glossentry>
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495 | </glossdiv>
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496 | </glossary>
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